Method of uniting metal pipes.



N0. 683,875. Patented Oct. l, l90l.

G. H. BAILEY. METHOD OF UNITING METAL PIPES.

(Application filed Mar. 26, 1901.) (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Shet I.

WITNESSES INVENTOR No. 683,875. a. H. BAILEY. METHOD OF UNITING METAL PIPES.

Patented Oct. I, I90I.

(Application filed Mar. 26, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

m: Noam: wanna ca. PnoTo-umo WASHINGTON, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FARRELL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF UNITING METAL PIPES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 683,875, dated October 1, 1901.

Application filed March 26, 1901. Serial No. 52 947. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. BAILEY, of Pittsburg, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Method of Uniting Metal Pipes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a metal pipe with the expanding-tool in place, illustrating the preparing of the end portions of the pipes. Fig. 2 is a top plan view, partly in section, showing a succeeding step of the operation with the compressing-tool in place. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the joint, showing the compressing-tool in end elevation, the

heating and compressing tool being broken' away. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the finished joint, showing the heating and compressing toolin place; and Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of the finished joint.

My invention relates to the joining of metal pipes by the method set forth in United States Letters Patent No. 647,468, to Brown and McFeaters, dated April 17,1900, and is designed to improve the amalgamating method therein described and produce a strong joint which may be made of the same size as the pipes being joined.

In the drawings the several figures illustrate the various steps. of my improved method, in carrying out which I preferably first expand the end portions of the lead or other pipe. Thus in Fig. 1, 2 is a steel expanding-tool having an enlarged end portion 3 and an enlarged head 4, which is driven into the end of the pipe. This tool not only expands the end portion, as shown, but also squares up the end by the driving of the flat end face of the head 4 against the pipe end. The pipes thus having been expanded and squared up, mercury is applied both to their ends and to the inner faces of the expanded portions, and a short tube-section or ferrule 5, of brass coated with solder or tinned, is then slipped within their registering ends. This ferrule is preferably of about the same inside diameter as the normal bore of the tubes, so that it fits snugly within the expanded portions and presents no obstructions to the flow of liquid, as shown in Fig. 2'. The compressing-tool is then applied for forcing the ends of the pipe together, and I have shown this tool as consisting of hinged clamps 6 6, one of which is rigidly secured to a square bar 7 while the other is provided with a slotted tubular base, which slides over this square bar and may be forced toward the fixed clamp by means of a butterfly-nut 8, engaging a projectingscrew-threaded stem of the baror base 7. The hinged jaw 9 of each clamp is preferably provided with a forked lug 10, engaged by a swinging bolt 11, pivoted to the fixed jaw and carrying thumb-nut 12. By securing the clamps to the pipes at each side of the joint and then turning the nut 8 the ends of the pipes are pressed together while the heat is being applied.

To apply the necessary heat to weld the joint, I preferably use the tool shown in Fig. 4, which consists of two hinged members or jaws 13 13, to which may be applied leverhandles 14, the jaws being preferably provided with removable lining-pieces 15, as shown. The opening between the jaws is preferably oblong, as indicated in Fig. 4, and is so formed that as the jaws are pressed upon the joint and rocked or oscillated about it they will reduce its diameter to that of the pipes. This tool having been previously heated is thus rocked about and pressed upon the joint until the diameter is thus reduced and the parts welded or united together, and the end pressure is applied by the clamps during this heating. The resulting joint shown in Fig. 5 isfound to be much stronger than that wherein merely the end faces of the pipes are joined together, by reason of the internal ferrule which is amalgamated and welded to the pipe-sections. The joint is improved in appearance, and except for the brightening of the surface can hardly be detected.

The joint may be made without reducing its diameter to that of the pipe, though I prefer to do so. The amalgam may be applied to the end of the pipes only,and many changes may be made in the tools employed without departing from my invention.

I claim 1. The method of joining the ends of metal pipes, consisting in anialgamating the end faces of the pipes and portions of the bores thereof extending from said ends, inserting a ferrule Within said ends so as to extend across the joint, and then applying heat and pressure to the joint so as to unite the end faces together and the inner amalgamated portions of the pipes and the ferrule to each other; substantially as described.

2. The method of joining the ends of metal pipes, consisting in expanding their end portions, amalgamating the inner surfaces and end faces of the expanded portions, inserting a short tubesection or ferrule Within the expanded portions, and then applying heat and pressure to the joint so as to unite the end faces together and the expanded portions and the tube-section to each other; substantially as described.

3. The method of joining the ends of metal pipes, consisting in expanding their end portions, amalgamating the inner surfaces and end faces of the expanded portions, inserting a short tube-section or ferrule within the expanded portions, applying heat and pressure to the joint so as to unite the end faces together and the expanded portions and the tube-section to each other, and then reducing the outside diameter of the joint to approximately that of the pipes being joined; substantially as described.

4. The improved pipe-joint consisting of amalgamated surfaces united together and to an internal ferrule, the joint being of substantially the size of the pipe.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hau d.

GEO. H. BAILEY.

Witnesses: I

II. M. (JORWIN, O. P. BYBNES. 

